Overview
This procedure replaces degenerated cartilage in the knee joint with implants to restore function and eliminate pain. The surgeon plans and performs the surgery with the aid of robotic instruments and a computer guidance system.
The Importance of Proper Alignment
Artificial knees use a tibial component, a femoral component, a spacer that fits between these pieces, and a small cap that will cover the rear of the patella. For successful knee replacement surgery, these components must be precisely aligned within the joint. Even a small misalignment can throw off the patient’s balance and weight distribution. This can cause the components to fail.
Traditional Knee Replacement Surgery
In traditional knee replacement surgery, alignment is determined by hand. To trim and shape the bones, the surgeon uses guides, called cutting blocks, attached to long alignment rods inserted into the bones of the leg.
Traditional Knee Replacement Surgery
These instruments are not precise. The alignment rods can be inserted incorrectly. A loose fit can allow them to shift out of position. This results in misaligned cuts. And because the rods are pushed so deeply into the bones, they can force cells, fat and proteins from the bone marrow into the small veins of the leg. This can increase the risk of a dangerous thrombosis or embolism.